Ph.D. Student · University of Colorado Boulder

The systems we build shape the world we live in. What should they value?

I'm Aishwarya — a doctoral researcher, a former full-stack engineer, and this year's lead TA for CU Boulder's CS department. I build things, study why they work, and teach other people to do both.

Portrait of Aishwarya Satwani
Boulder, COExpected Ph.D. 12/2027
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What I believe

We have spent decades teaching machines to optimize: clicks, purchases, watch time, accuracy, engagement, efficiency. These metrics have made our systems remarkably powerful, but they are proxies for human goals, not human values. If we want AI to reflect humanity, someone has to decide what it's values are, and make sure that answer comes from the people and communities it serves. That's the work I care about.

01 — Research

Value-aligned recommender systems

My dissertation asks what a news recommender looks like if it optimizes for something other than clicks.

2021 – PresentPOPROX · NSF Grant #2232551

An open platform for real-world recommender experiments

No infrastructure existed for longitudinal recommender research with actual news readers.

  • Co-built POPROX with 5 universities and the Associated Press — real newsletters, controlled A/B tests against external ranking models.
  • Built the offline evaluation framework (NDCG, MRR, RBO, ILS, section-based metrics) used across every experiment on the platform.
InfrastructureOnline ExperimentationAP Collaboration
2024Personalized Diversity Experiment

Resolving the diversity–engagement tradeoff

More diverse recommendations usually mean fewer clicks — a tax that keeps diverse systems from shipping.

  • Ran a 5-week experiment on POPROX: relevance baseline, generalized diversification (MMR), and personalized diversification (MMR-P).
  • Generalized MMR tanked engagement; MMR-P held it steady while hitting the highest measured diversity. Paper under review.
RerankingDiversityOnline Experimentation
2023 – PresentJournalistic Values in Ranking

Putting editorial judgment into the ranking function

Journalists' values are absent from recommender design — no method existed to encode them as inputs.

  • Interviewed 12 digital journalists; found they rewrite stories to game opaque algorithms, often at the cost of integrity.
  • Identified timeliness, accountability, transparency, and public service as encodable value dimensions — now coding 4 focus groups' worth of editorial judgment into ranking signals.
Qualitative HCIValue Elicitation
2024Provider Fairness · FAccT 2024

Fairness definitions written by the people they affect

Fairness metrics are usually designed by developers, not the providers a platform actually affects.

  • Ran 4 co-design focus groups with 13 creators and dating-app users; found providers experience unfairness as underexposure, overexposure, and lost agency — none captured by standard metrics.
  • Published at FAccT 2024, showing mathematical fairness doesn't guarantee real-world equity without provider input.
FairnessPublished
See the finding work

The Value Dial

Personalized diversity (MMR-P) holds engagement steady while surfacing far more variety than generalized diversity does. Here's a tiny working version of that idea, pointed at my own work instead of a news feed: drag the dial and watch it re-rank between "most relevant to my PhD" and "most diverse across everything I do."

Relevance Diversity
Weighted toward relevance — leading with core PhD research

Personalized diversity beats generalized diversity

core
CU Boulder · User study · Paper under review

The flagship finding: personalized MMR-P holds engagement steady while maximizing diversity, where generalized MMR just tanks clicks.

MMRUser Study

POPROX — a national news-recommender platform

core
CU Boulder · NSF #2232551 · 2021–Present

Co-built an open experimentation platform with 5 universities and the Associated Press.

ResearchInfrastructure

Designing fairness metrics with providers

FAccT '24
4 focus groups · 13 creators & dating-app users

Providers experience unfairness as underexposure, overexposure, and lost agency — none captured by standard fairness metrics.

FairnessPublished

HR Merit Increment platform, 700 senior leaders

Walmart Global Tech · React + Node

Took the annual increment process from 3 months of manual Excel work to a live web app — end to end, as sole engineer at first.

FullstackAutomation

Lead TA, software engineering capstone

CU Boulder · CSCI 4308 · 2025–Present

Mentoring student teams through the full software lifecycle — not just the code, the judgment calls around it.

MentorshipTeaching

Creative Space

Oil · Charcoal · Pencil · Ongoing

The non-algorithmic side of paying close attention — painting when the ranking metrics can wait.

PersonalArt
02 — Industry

Industry Experience

Before the PhD, and running alongside it, I've been a working engineer — three years at Walmart Global Tech taking a solo intern prototype to a product used by thousands, plus a forecasting engine at Hitachi Energy. The research asks what recommenders should value; this is proof I can ship the thing.

Sept 2020 – Jun 2021

Software Engineer III Bravo Award '20

Walmart Global Tech, Bangalore
  • Owned the full lifecycle of AskME-HR, the chatbot I originally built as an intern — scaled to 10,000+ monthly active users and grew a dedicated sub-team around it.
  • Designed a GraphQL API layer unifying HR data access across previously siloed applications.
Jul 2018 – Sept 2020

Software Engineer II

Walmart Global Tech, Bangalore
  • Built the HR Merit Web Application end-to-end — React frontend, Node backend, infrastructure — as sole engineer, replacing 3 months of manual Excel work for 700 senior leaders.
  • Shipped NLP capabilities (sentiment analysis, speech-to-text, multilingual support) from proof-of-concept to production.
Jan 2018 – Jun 2018

Software Engineering Intern

Walmart Global Tech, Bangalore
  • Built AskME, an HR self-service chatbot, from scratch solo — deployed across Slack, Zoom, Teams, Webchat, and Chrome, then converted into a full enterprise product on my return full-time.
May 2022 – Aug 2022

Software Engineering Intern

Hitachi Energy, Remote, USA
  • Designed a multi-horizon forecasting engine for TRMTracker — neural networks for short-term, regression for medium/long-term — with REST APIs for real-time delivery.
03 — Projects

Academic projects

Smaller builds outside of work and the dissertation — recommenders, optimization, and NLP. Code linked where public.

What's New: News Recommender

2023

DKN, NRMS, and LSTUR on the MIND dataset with MMR-based diversity re-ranking.

View on GitHub

Itinerary Optimizer

2022

Cross-country route planning with a Genetic Algorithm, handling travel-limit and stop constraints.

View on GitHub

Product Feature Analysis

2022

LDA topic modeling over 1.2M customer reviews, distilled into 14 features per category with feature-level sentiment.

View on GitHub

PCL Detection

2021

RoBERTa-based binary classifier for Patronizing and Condescending Language, built for SemEval 2022 Task 4.

View on GitHub

Movie Recommendation System

2017

User-user collaborative filtering on MovieLens with Euclidean similarity and Laplace smoothing, evaluated on RMSE and NDCG.

View on GitHub
04 — Teaching

Teaching

This year I'm lead TA for CU Boulder's software engineering capstone — mentoring student teams through the same full lifecycle I write about in my research: not just the code, the judgment calls around it.

  • Lead TASoftware Engineering Project Management & Mentoring2025–Present
  • Teaching Assistant — CSCI 3308Software Development Methods and ToolsCU Boulder
  • Ph.D. RepresentativeCS Graduate Professional Development Club2023
  • Vice ChairCS Graduate Student Association2022
Outstanding TA Recognition Award, 2023 Outstanding Service Award, 2023 & 2024
05 — Beyond

Off the clock

Creative Space

Oil paintings, charcoal sketches, pencil and lead-pencil work — the non-algorithmic side of paying close attention. A running gallery, added to over the years.

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View the full gallery ↗

Volunteer Work
  • Walmart Global TechCSR Volunteer, Bangalore · Jan 2018 – Jun 2021
  • Dar Al Atta'aAdministration Volunteer, Muscat, Oman · Oct 2017
  • Basavangudi Government SchoolTeaching Volunteer · May 2016 – Dec 2017
Let's talk

Research rigor, engineering chops, and a point of view — that's what you'd be getting.

Open to research collaborations, engineering roles, and conversations with people who think recommender systems should serve people first.